<p>The Dennis-Coxetter House is a historic house located at the junction of Bond Street and State Road 59 in Lloyd, Florida. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 20, 1988.</p><br>
<p>The house is one of the earliest buildings of the agricultural village of Lloyd, founded in 1859. It was a summer residence of a leading plantation family of Leon County and Jefferson County.</p><br>
<p>The Denham-Lacy House is a historic Inn located in Monticello, Florida.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It is one of three Italianate-style structures in Monticello. On May 6, 1982, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. Restoration of the property was undertaken by its sixth successive owner, Patricia Hays Inmon, in 2000. The house currently operates as a six-room bed and breakfast Inn. The House has been restored to as original as possible with original colors and preserved plaster. All rooms are their original size and configuration. The grounds have many historic plantings.</p><br>
<p>Denham-Lacy House01.jpg</p><br>
<p>The Palmer-Perkins House is a historic home in Monticello, Florida. It is located at 625 West Palmer Mill Road. On July 10, 1979, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>On March 18, 1986, there was a boundary increase to this site, also referred to as the Palmer-Perkins House and Palmer Family Graveyard. It extended the listing to 185 West Washington Street.</p><br>
<p>The Lloyd Womans Club  is a historic womans club in Lloyd, Florida, and a Home Demonstration Club location. It is located on Bond Street. On August 10, 1998, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>As of 2024, the Lloyd Womans Club continues to serve as an important community center and historic site in Jefferson County, Florida. The buildings listing on the National Register recognizes its architectural significance and role in the history of women&#39;s civic engagement in the state.</p><br>
<p>The Perkins Opera House  is a historic theater in Monticello, Florida, United States. It is located at the corner of Washington Street and Jefferson Street.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Perkins Block Building was named after Monticello businessman John H. Perkins. As new railroads brought travelers through Monticello, the town hoped to build hotels and cultural attractions that would profit from the new tourist industry. Perkins was given a ten-year tax break on the condition that he funded a building that could house storefronts and a theater. An architect from Chattanooga, W. R. Gunn, was hired to build the structure, and completed the opera house in 1890.</p><br>
<p>The building included three first floor bays housing Perkins&#39; mercantile interests - a general store and sewing machine shop, a hardware store and a farm implement supply store. In addition, Perkins built a stable behind the building from which horses, mules and wagons were sold. The second floor of the Perkins Block included a large foyer and an opera house boasting unparalleled acoustics and the largest stage in the region.</p><br>
<p>Perkins had hopes of establishing the opera house as a major theater in the South. For several years, performances included both professional touring groups and local vaudeville productions, such as The Mikado and She Stoops to Conquer. Shortly after the turn of the century, however, the railroads were re-routed, by-passing Monticello. The wealthy patrons who had once wintered in south Georgia and north Florida sought destinations further south in Florida, and the opera house faced financial disaster.</p><br>
<p>Unable to attract the once-popular theatre productions, Perkins discontinued live performances. One of the final productions at the theater featured future Governor of Florida LeRoy Collins. A failed attempt to utilize the building as a movie theater led to the abandonment of the auditorium. Although the downstairs bays saw continuous occupation for a variety of uses, the opera house stood idle and soon fell into disrepair.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, the vision of a handful of interested people saved the opera house, with its falling plaster and leaking roof, from the destruction of the wrecker&#39;s ball. An organization was formed to provide opportunities for young performers and restore the opera house.</p><br>
<p>The Monticello Opera Company was formed in March of that year and performed at the first fund-raising event at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John H. Phipps.</p><br>
<p>The purchase of the Perkins Block was consummated on October 17, 1973. On that date, the Monticello Opera House, Inc. purchased the building with money raised through fund-raising efforts, a grant from the State of Florida and a private donation from Mrs. Dorothy Simpson, who held one-half interest in the building.</p><br>
<p>Maintenance and restoration of the facility continues to this day. In a joint effort with the Florida Department of State, Division of Historic Resources, a restoration project was completed in the area of the original stairway leading to the auditorium balcony. The construction brought the facility into compliance with fire code regulations to allow the lawful use of seating in the balcony. The project was completed with a sensitivity to the original architectural features and makes use of original molding and wainscoting wherever possible. Although the original seating in the balcony remained intact, the seats on the main level of the theater had to be replaced. The current seating was donated by Tallahassee Community College President during the school&#39;s renovation of its theater. Installation of the "new" seats was accomplished entirely with volunteer labor from members of the community.</p><br>
<p>Although the downstairs had been remodeled to accommodate those with disabilities, it was not until May 2004, that the theater became accessible. In 1999 $25,000 was donated in the memory of Dr. Gerald M. Cathey to institute fund raising efforts for installation of an elevator. An additional $25,000 was raised over the course of the next two years through donations from benefactors and production proceeds from the Opera House Stage Company. A $50,000 matching grant from the Department of State, Division of Historical Resources resulted in the hiring of Riley Palmer Construction to complete this long desired renovation.</p><br>
<h2>Present usage</h2><br>
<p>The Monticello Opera House is used for a variety of events including children&#39;s theater, murder mystery dinners and large musicals. The patio and gazebo in the back host weddings and receptions.</p><br>
<p>The Crystal Ice Company Building is a historic building located at 2024 North Davis Street in Pensacola, Florida. Built in 1932, the building was used by the Crystal Ice Company to sell ice to travelers. The building, which resembles a block of ice, is one of the few surviving vernacular roadside buildings in Pensacola. On September 29, 1983, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Around 1930, Guy Spearman established the Crystal Ice Company in Pensacola. The ice industry had developed in the late 1860s with the growth of the areas fishing industry; yet by the 1920s, refrigerators began to reduce the need for manufactured ice. In 1970, upon Spearmans death, the company was bought by Connohio Corporation.</p><br>
<p>The Thiesen Building, built in 1901, is a historic site in Pensacola, Florida. It is located at 40 South Palafox Street . On December 13, 1979, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Thiesen Building is Pensacola&#39;s first commercial high-rise. At the time of its construction, this five-story building was the tallest building in Pensacola and the first with a modern elevator and steam heat. Built in a Renaissance Revival style, it features terra-cotta ornamentation on the west and south facades.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Thiesen Building was conceived and financed by Pensacola businessman Christen Ustrup Thiesen, designed by the Atlanta architectural firm of Morgan & Dillon, and constructed by Pensacola contractors Wills & Broughton.</p><br>
<p>Christen Thiesens career as a Pensacola businessman had begun through unusual circumstances. Born in Denmark, Thiesen was the navigator of a Danish sailing ship. Thiesen became stranded in Pensacola during the Pensacola yellow fever epidemic of 1882 when his ship left without him. Thiesen, who contracted yellow fever but recovered, found a job tending bar in a saloon. The saloon owner died in the epidemic. In 1884, Thiesen married the saloon owners widow, and thus became the owner of the saloon.</p><br>
<p>The Thiesen Building was considered a risky venture; some Pensacolians called it "Thiesen&#39;s folly". However, it proved to be financially successful, with retail stores on the ground floor and professional offices on the upper floors.</p><br>
<p>By the 1970s, the building had fallen into disrepair and had become vacant. In 1992 businessman Ray Russenberger purchased and renovated the building to provide offices for his paging company Network USA. He restored the exterior to its original 1901 design. On January 4, 2019, Litvak, Beasley, Wilson, and Ball, LLP began to occupy the third floor as a law office.</p><br>
<p>The USA Customs House and Post Office, also known as the Escambia County Courthouse, is a historic site in Pensacola, Florida. Built in 1887, it is located at 223 Palafox Place. On July 22, 1997, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Escambia County Courthouse</h2><br>
<p>From 1885 to 1937, the Escambia County Courthouse was a building on the northeast corner of Palafox and Chase streets. In 1937 Escambia County, which needed more space, swapped its location for that of the USA Customs House and Post Office because the Federal Government, which by then had no more use for a customs house, needed a building site for a new USA Post Office and Courthouse. The Federal Government demolished the old county courthouse in 1938 and built its new building there. The county moved into the Blount Building until renovations were done on the old customs house and post office in 1938. The building, which is still called the county courthouse, is now part of the Escambia County Government Center, which includes the M. C. Blanchard Judicial Building, where the courts and clerk&#39;s offices are now located.</p><br>
<p>St. Joseph Catholic Church  is a historic Black Catholic parish in Pensacola, Florida. On July 10, 1979, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The parish was established in 1891 at the behest of one Mercedes Ruby, following Black Catholic schools opened there in 1877 by the Sisters of Mercy, one for Blacks and the other for Creoles. The first church was a two-story frame building, and the current building was constructed in 1894, dedicated on May 30.</p><br>
<p>The parish was unique in that it was established for African Americans, but was dominated by a White immigrant membership and controlled administratively by the Black Creoles. An integrated cemetery arrived in 1900. The White members of St Joseph were forced out with the advent of Jim Crow in the 1920s.</p><br>
<p>In the 1920s, the church&#39;s pastor built an orphanage on the property for homeless African-American boys, and brought in the Trinitarians.</p><br>
<p>In 1938, the pastor closed the orphanage and the schools, but one school eventually reopened under the Sisters of Charity. 1939, a high school was opened on the property, the first Black Catholic high school in the state at the time.</p><br>
<p>In its heyday, the parish operated the "Maryall Negro Mission" and four chapels. Next to the two schools, the parish also ran Our Lady of Angels Maternity Hospital for Black women, administered by sisters of the Third Order of Saint Francis.</p><br>
<p>In the 1960s, with the onset of integration, the mission, chapel, hospital, and high school closed, followed by the one remaining school in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>In 1981, a council of the Knights of Peter Claver was established at the parish. In the 90s, the church celebrated its centennial and their gospel choir traveled to Rome to sing for Pope John Paul II.</p><br>
<p>The complex was heavily damaged by Hurricane Ivan in 2004, including the church steeple being blown into the roof. Major flooding also occurred. During and immediately after the repairs, Hurricanes Dennis and Hurricane Katrina nearly hit Pensacola head-on.</p><br>
<p>A medical clinic with the same name as the hospital would eventually be opened, active as of 2016.</p><br>
<p>The Old Christ Church, also known as Christ Church, built in 1832 in Pensacola, Florida is a historic Episcopal church building. It is one of the oldest surviving church buildings in Florida. On May 3, 1974, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, the building was listed in A Guide to Florida&#39;s Historic Architecture, published by the University of Florida Press. Located at 405 South Adams Street, the old church is now part of Historic Pensacola Village and is shown as part of the daily tours.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1828, Episcopal Priest Ralph Williston arrived in Pensacola, Florida. Florida had recently been acquired (in 1822) by the United States; with the acquisition came a surge of missionaries. With some of the town&#39;s Protestants supporting him, Williston acquired a charter and the property to build a church. In 1829, the congregation was incorporated by an act of the territorial Legislative Council and in 1830, construction began. In 1832, the first worship services were held by Reverend Addison Searle.</p><br>
<p>During the Civil War, many of Pensacolas residents left. The church was used as a barracks and military chapel by Union soldiers. In 1865, regular church services resumed. In 1902, a new Christ Church was built and the congregation relocated there. The old church was then used by a black Episcopal congregation from 1903-1905. In 1936, the church was deconsecrated and given to the City of Pensacola. The church then served as the towns library from 1937 to 1957. Since 1960, the church has been occupied by the UWF Historical Trust.</p><br>
<h3>Excavations</h3><br>
<p>From May to July 1988, the University of West Florida began excavating the church in search of the graves of three early priests buried in the 1830s: Reverends Saunders, Peake, and Flower. Contemporary church officials suspected that Union soldiers had disturbed the graves during the occupation of the church but historians did not agree.</p><br>
<p>In 1879, the church was expanded and its original vestry, built in 1830-1832, was demolished. During excavations of the original vestry area, three burials were found. Although there were no burial markers, it is believed that the burials found were of Saunders, Peake, and Flower. The excavation also found the remains of a burned First Spanish building and wall-structures not reflected on any colonial maps.</p><br>
<p>Camp Mad Anthony Wayne is located on Spring Valley Drive near Huntington, West Virginia, United States. Named for frontier army general Anthony Wayne, it contains vast open grounds, swings and sliding boards, hiking trails, numerous picnic tables, an open campfire circle, and a lodge. The facility sleeps 28 and contains a bathroom and shower facilities. It is host to two large wood-fired fireplaces.</p><br>
<p>In 2002, part of Camp Wayne was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying because of its historically significant architecture. The designated area included a group of buildings dating between 1931 and 1944, including the lodge and seven houses.</p><br>
<p>Saint Paul&#39;s Evangelical Lutheran Church is a congregation in the Indiana District of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod  located at the intersection of Barr and Madison Streets in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Founded in 1837, it is the second oldest Lutheran church in Indiana and the oldest in the northern part of the state. Thanks largely to its size and to the leadership of its pastors, it has long played a prominent role in Indiana Lutheranism and in the LCMS as a whole.</p><br>
<p>The present church building was first completed and dedicated in 1889, but a 1903 fire forced a near-complete rebuild of the structure. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The congregation was organized in 1837 and erected its first church building in 1939, on the same site as the present building. Growth of the congregation led to a larger church building being constructed in 1847, with an addition in 1862. Although two daughter congregations branched off to form new parishes during the next two decades, it again became necessary to provide more ample facilities.</p><br>
<p>The new building was designed by the architectural firm of Wing & Mahurin in the High Victorian Gothic style. By September 15, 1889, a large church had been erected. On December 3, 1903, a major fire left it in ruins. Reconstruction was soon underway, and by April 1905 it had been restored to its former glory. During the late 1940s the church underwent renovation and has had other improvements and enhancements as time went on.</p><br>
<p>The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 1982.</p><br>
<p>The Ypsilanti Water Tower is a historic water tower in Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States.</p><br>
<p>The tower was designed by William R. Coats and built as part of an elaborate city waterworks project that began in 1889. Located on the highest point in Ypsilanti, the tower was built in 1890 at a cost of $21,435.63. Today the tower is frequently joked about for its phallic shape. It has become a well-known landmark in Ypsilanti, and due to the building&#39;s shape and location, the tower is frequently used by residents as a point for providing directions for visitors and residents.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>An ordinance passed on April 14, 1898, established a yearly rate schedule for residences with running water. Rates were based on the number of faucets in use, the type of business that customers operated and the livestock they owned. A residence with one tap was charged $5 and a private bathtub cost an additional $2. Saloon keepers paid $7 for one faucet, $3 for each additional faucet and $1 for each billiard table. Each cow a person owned cost $1. People who failed to pay their bill were subject to a $50 fine and 90 days in the county jail.</p><br>
<p>During the construction, hoping to protect themselves from injury, the builders made at least four crosses in the stonework, one over the west door, an elaborate but difficult to find Greek Cross on the east side and two inside the water tower. It was completed on February 3, 1890, at the cost of $21,368.</p><br>
<p>The structure was the only water tower in the Ypsilanti water system until 1956. The Ypsilanti Community Utilities Authority began operating and maintaining the structure in 1974. That same year the tower was designated by the American Water Works Association as an American Water Landmark. It was also designated a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the Michigan Section of the American Society of Civil Engineers. In 1976 it was restored.</p><br>
<h2>Structure</h2><br>
<p>The exterior was designed in the popular Queen Anne style of the period. Queen Anne design was less formal than other popular styles at the time; instead it experimented with different shapes particularly towers. Queen Anne buildings also often had more decoration than this structure.</p><br>
<p>The stone tower is located at the highest point of elevation of the city on Summit Street. The tower is made of Joliet limestone. The tower is 147 ft tall, has an 85 ft base. The substructure walls taper from a thickness of 40 in at the bottom to 24 in at the top. The reservoir holds a 250,000 USgal steel tank. When it was constructed it had a dual purpose. Not only did it store water but the falling water also generated electricity for the city street lamps at night.</p><br>
<p>A marble bust of Demetrios Ypsilantis stands between a Greek and a USA flag at the base of the water tower. The city of Ypsilanti is named after this hero of the Greek War of Independence.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>The tower has long been a source of humor for comedians in the Ann Arbor–Ypsilanti area, for its phallic shape; it has been nicknamed "the Brick Dick". An urban legend holds that the tower will crumble if a virgin graduates from nearby Eastern Michigan University. In 2003 Cabinet magazine ranked the tower as the World&#39;s Most Phallic Building.</p><br>
<p>St. Joseph&#39;s Catholic Church, also known as St. Joseph Miller Street Catholic Church, is a historic wooden Roman Catholic church located at 1422 Northeast Miller Street in Palm Bay, Brevard County, Florida.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Adjacent to the church is historic Saint Joseph Catholic Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>On December 3, 1987, the church building was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Current status</h2><br>
<p>Saint Joseph Catholic Community is still an active parish in Palm Bay. Its main church building is located at 5530 Babcock Street, Northeast. The Miller Street Church continues in use the chapel for the cemetery, which is still active.</p><br>
<h2>Saint Joseph&#39;s Catholic Cemetery</h2><br>
<h3>Notable interments</h3><br>
<p>John P. Donohue</p><br>
<p>The Campbell-Christie House is a historic home that has been relocated to New Bridge Landing in River Edge, Bergen County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 10, 1983, as part of the Early Stone Houses of Bergen County Multiple Property Submission .</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Jacob Campbell, a stonemason, constructed a store southeast of the intersection of River Road and the highway leading from Old Bridge to South Church, now Henley Avenue, in New Milford, New Jersey, about the time of his marriage to Altche Westervelt in 1774. It stood on land owned by his father, William Campbell, who kept a tavern on the north side of the road. Private Jacob Campbell served with the Bergen Militia during the American Revolution. His property was damaged during the war, but tax records for 1780 list him as a merchant. After his father&#39;s death in 1793, Jacob sold to Abraham Brower, whose brother, John, a blacksmith, operated a roadside smithy until his death a year later. Blacksmith John D. Christie purchased the house for £250 in 1795 and operated a tavern. When he died in 1836, he bequeathed his residence to son John J. Christie, a farmer. It next passed to Jacob Brinkerhoff Christie, manager of the Comfort Coal & Lumber Company.</p><br>
<p>J. Walter Christie, born here on May 6, 1865, achieved fame as a mechanical genius and inventor. At 16 years of age, he worked on pioneer submarines and developed turret tracks and gun mounts for battleships. He built and raced cars, holding American and world speed records before being severely injured in a crash in 1907. He later invented automotive front-wheel drive, used in the manufacture of fire trucks. but is best known as the “father of the modern tank.” He died at Falls Church, Virginia, in 1944.</p><br>
<p>The Brookchester Land Company made extensive alterations to the house in 1908. To save it from demolition, the Bergen County Historical Society, a non-profit volunteer organization, offered the County of Bergen a 50-year ground lease to move the Campbell-Christie House from New Milford onto its lands in River Edge in 1977 on condition that the Historical Society not only have occupancy of the structure in keeping with its mission, but also the exclusive right to determine its use and historic restoration; in exchange, the County of Bergen agreed to pay utilities and to maintain the house and its mechanical systems in sound condition. Bergen County Freeholder D. Bennett Mazur led efforts to save the Campbell-Christie House, after it had been slated for demolition. With a $150,000 grant, the 200-year-old home was moved two miles from New Milford to BCHS land in River Edge, the area now known as Historic New Bridge Landing, in September 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Bergen County Historical Society furnishes and interprets the Campbell-Christie House as an 18th-century tavern. In 1992, a working replica of a Jersey Dutch Out Kitchen was built behind the house. The Bergen County Historical Society regularly opens all the buildings, including the Campbell-Christie House, at Historic New Bridge Landing for special events in cooperation with the Historic New Bridge Landing Park Commission. The Bergen County Historical Society receives no public operating grants from any public agency (including the County of Bergen or the State of New Jersey), instead relying on membership and donations.</p><br>
<p>Lower Brandon Plantation  is located on the south shore of the James River in present-day Prince George County, Virginia.</p><br>
<p>The plantation is an active farm and was tended perhaps from 1607 on, and more clearly from 1614 on, making it one of the longest-running agricultural enterprises in the United States. It has an unusual brick mansion in the style of Palladio&#39;s "Roman Country House" completed in the 1760s, and was perhaps designed by Thomas Jefferson.</p><br>
<p>The Virginia plantation was established in 1616 by Captain John Martin, one of the original leaders of the Virginia Colony at Jamestown in 1607. The plantation was owned by the Harrison family for over two centuries, from 1700&ndash;1926. Restored by Robert Williams Daniel in the early 20th century, it is a National Historical Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Brandon Plantation was part of a 1616 land grant of approximately 7,000 acre on the south bank of the James River to Captain John Martin (1560&ndash;1632). Captain Martin was one of the original colonists and a member of the first Council in the spring of 1607, when Jamestown was established.</p><br>
<p>Martins new plantation built on the 1616 land grant was initially named "Martins Brandon", apparently incorporating the family name of his wife, Mary Martin (née Brandon), daughter of Robert Brandon, a prominent English goldsmith and supplier to Queen Elizabeth I of England. They married in 1586.</p><br>
<p>In 1619, Martins Brandon was one of the plantations represented when what became the House of Burgesses, the first representative legislative body in the English colonies, met at Jamestown. The representatives of Martins Brandon were Thomas Davis and Robert Stacy.</p><br>
<p>During the Indian Massacre of 1622 which occurred on Good Friday, March 22, 1622, there were 7 deaths recorded at Martin&#39;s Brandon, including one woman and two boys. 347 deaths were recorded during the coordinated attacks along both shores of the James River, from the mouth of the river at Newport News Point on Hampton Roads, west to Falling Creek.</p><br>
<p>Captain John Martin died at Martins Brandon Plantation in 1632. His grandson, Captain Robert Bargrave, inherited the plantation on Martins death. In 1637, merchants John Sadler and Richard Quiney and mariner William Barker, who patented the nearby Merchants Hope plantation, bought Martins Brandon. They and their heirs farmed it until 1720 when it was sold to Nathaniel Harrison (1677&ndash;1727).</p><br>
<p>After Nathaniel&#39;s premature death in 1727, it passed to his son Nathaniel Harrison II (1703&ndash;1791) who built the current manor house around 1765. Brandon then came into the possession of American Revolutionary War Colonel Benjamin Harrison (1743&ndash;1807). At his death, the property was divided between his two sons, and Upper Brandon Plantation was created.</p><br>
<p>Brandon Plantation (aka Lower Brandon) remained in the Harrison family until 1926, when it was acquired by Robert Williams Daniel, a Richmond banker. The Daniels undertook the restoration of the house and grounds and purchased several adjacent tracts of land that were part of the original land grant that had been separated from the estate over the previous three centuries. USA Congressman Robert W. Daniel, Jr. (1936&ndash;2012) inherited the property from his parents.</p><br>
<p>Brandon was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969,</p><br>
<p>The restored manor house was furnished by the Daniels with 1760s era English and American furnishings. Brandon is a working farm and the agricultural enterprise is one of the oldest continuous farming operations in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The 4487.5-acre property was sold at auction by the estate of Robert W. Daniel, Jr., on 23 June 2013. In late 2013 the purchase contract with the buyer fell through and the estate was put back on the market with an asking price of $20 million. Midway through 2014, a Florida family purchased it for $17.8 million (~$ in ); soon after acquiring it, the new owners announced their intention to continue the agricultural operation and to occupy the historic manor house for part of the year.</p><br>
<p>Dixmont State Hospital  was a hospital located northwest of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Built in 1862, Dixmont was once a state-of-the-art institution known for its highly self-sufficient and park-like campus, but a decline in funding for state hospitals and changing philosophies in psychiatric care caused the hospital to be closed in 1984. After more than two decades of abandonment, it was demolished in 2006. The campus spanned a total of 407 acre. Reed Hall is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early years</h3><br>
<p>The Western Pennsylvania Hospital at Pittsburgh ended its first year of operation in 1853, and it was evident that there were a greater number of patients in jails and charitable housing than could be provided for in the 26 beds designated for that express purpose at the hospital. Managers of the hospital used a $10,000 appropriation from the state to purchase a large amount of farmland on a hill overlooking the Ohio River to the north of Pittsburgh in what is now suburban Kilbuck. Planners originally wanted to build the institution in the city, but this idea was rejected by Dorothea Dix. Construction began in 1859, and opened in 1862. A grand ceremony took place on July 19, 1859, where the cornerstone of the Dixmont Kirkbride building was laid in the foundation. A glass jar was placed in the cornerstone containing numerous objects, papers, and a letter from Dorothea Dix herself. Also contained was a copy of her 1845 "Memorial", the 55-page county by county study of the conditions for the mentally ill in Pennsylvania, which had a great part in jump-starting early mental health care reform in Pennsylvania. Unfortunately, when the time capsule was recovered prior to demolition, the jar had broken and many of the contents were in poor condition. The original patient population of the hospital was a meager 113 patients who were transferred from the Western Pennsylvania Hospital in Pittsburgh. Before the 1800s were over, somewhere between 1,200 and 1,500 patients called the hospital home. In 1907, the facility was individually incorporated as the Dixmont Hospital for the Insane after separating from the Western Pennsylvania Hospital system. Dixmont was completely self-sustained from the beginning. It had its own farmlands, livestock, rail station, and post office. Also part of the facility was a water treatment plant, a sewage treatment plant, and electricity generating facilities. They had their own butchers, bakers, farmhands, electricians, laborers, pipe fitters, botanists, chefs, and even a barber and a dentist.</p><br>
<h3>Financial troubles</h3><br>
<p>Like many psychiatric hospitals, Dixmont became overcrowded during the 1920s due to the rise of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients from World War I. The hospital took in as many patients as they could fit until beds lined the hallways, but was eventually forced to stop accepting new admissions. Dixmont began experiencing financial difficulties as early as the Great Depression where they could only afford to supply employees with room and board; no salary. In 1946, the PA Department of Welfare had to step in and Dixmont became a state-owned hospital. During this time, the hospital began using previously decried procedures such as lobotomies, electro-shock therapy, and use of restraints.</p><br>
<p>By the mid-1970s, Dixmont had reached financial crisis due to the states desire to shut down the hospital. As the concept of deinstitutionalization and use of Thorazine progressed, large state institutions were becoming obsolete and patient numbers decreased rapidly. With the patients rights movement, they were no longer allowed to work for profit, something which had previously generated the hospital revenue. Many of the buildings were in need of renovation, but state funding was scarce. By 1983, several floors of Reed Hall were empty and unused buildings such as the canteen and men&#39;s annex were demolished to prevent fire hazards. In July 1984, the hospital was closed down and the 300 remaining patients were transferred to nearby institutions.</p><br>
<h2>Post-closure and demolition</h2><br>
<p>Shortly after the hospitals closure, several proposals were made to reuse the facilities; the leading bid was St. Johns General Hospital which planned to use the geriatric and infirmary buildings to house a 200-bed nursing home and Reed Hall as independent senior-citizen living. Several proposals were also made to upgrade Dixmont&#39;s sewage treatment plant for use with Kilbuck Township. However, none of these plans came to fruition. From 1985 to 1988, Holy Family Institute leased the Cammarata building as a temporary home after their facility was damaged by fire. In the late-1980s, plans were set in place to build a county jail on the site of Dixmont. However, the proposal was unpopular with local residents and the plan was canceled in 1989. By 1999, time and many fires had left the crumbling building useless, and the State sold the 407 acre property to a private owner. In 2005, a local developer made an agreement to convert the 75 acre of that land that contained most of the buildings and demolition began in preparation for a shopping center that would be anchored by a Walmart Supercenter. Subsequent excavation destabilized the hillside and landslides covered Pennsylvania Route 65 and the Pittsburgh Line railroad tracks on the Ohio River side, shutting them both down for weeks. After numerous complaints by Kilbuck Township residents for fear of another collapse, due to the instability of the "rebuilt" landslide as well as interest in the nearby borough of Economy to build a Walmart in order to help revitalize the dilapidated Northern Lights Shopping Center located next door to that proposed Walmart site, Walmart decided not to build on the property on September 26, 2007, and the land was left to return to nature.</p><br>
<p>Even if Walmart hadnt bought the property, the Hospital would have likely been demolished anyway, due to teenagers dangerously trespassing on the property on a regular basis as well as the buildings containing both asbestos insulation and lead paint, both of which have since been outlawed for health reasons, and in the case of asbestos, has been getting removed from buildings since the 1980s. In addition, Pennsylvania law prohibits the state from selling grave sites, so the hospitals own cemetery, in which many of the patients were buried with simple stones marked only with index numbers, remains state-owned. The purchasers of the Dixmont property own the log book that identifies the markers with each patient and their number and have made the information available.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings</h2><br>
<h3>Reed Hall</h3><br>
<p>Reed Hall was the main building at Dixmont and was named after the first superintendent of Dixmont, Dr. Joseph A. Reed. It was typical of other Kirkbride facilities with the exception that the outermost wings swept forward instead of to the rear in the typical V-shape. This was to afford a better view of the river valley and better airflow, which was said to be more calming to the patients in keeping with the want of a serene setting. Early on, it had gas lighting, a central hot air system for heat, and more than ample supply of water from the Ohio River. Construction of the west wing was not complete until 1868, at which time construction of the east wing began. The center section of the building contained the front lobby, administrative offices, and chapel. This was mostly destroyed by fire in 1995.</p><br>
<h3>Dietary building</h3><br>
<p>The dietary building was located directly behind Reed Hall and connected through suspended walkways. Built in the early 1900s and designed by Frederick John Osterling, this building contained the main kitchen at Dixmont, the large freezers, and storage areas where food was kept. The cafeteria and auditorium were located on the second floor. Also part of this building were the loading docks, cleaning supplies, and staff quarters on the third floor.</p><br>
<h3>Cammarata Building</h3><br>
<p>The $2 million Cammarata Building was the geriatric center of Dixmont and housed a significant portion of the hospital&#39;s patients towards the final years. Built in 1971, its architecture stylings were modern and sleek compared to the more traditional design of Reed Hall. This building was renovated in 1999 and served as the home to the Glen Montessori School from 2001 until 2012. It is the only building left of Dixmont that still stands today.</p><br>
<h3>Hutchinson Building</h3><br>
<p>The Hutchinson Building was built in 1954 and was named after the hospitals late superintendent. Construction started in 1949, but was brought to a halt when the entire foundation slid down the hill, creating a landslide much like the one that occurred in 2006. The construction site was moved to a different location and the buildings design had to be altered to prevent further sliding. This building contained the intensive care unit, x-ray facilities, a small cafeteria, barber shop, isolation units, physical therapy areas, and observation rooms, and instrument sterilization equipment. Each floor had patient rooms on the ends of the building surrounding a nurses pod, all separated by half-glass walls so the nurses could easily observe all of the patients. Also in this building were the morgue, laboratory, and autopsy unit. Prior to the demolition of Dixmont, the building was assessed to decide whether it could be reused like the Cammarata Building. However, poor drainage had completely flooded the basement and renovation costs were figured to be greater than the value of the building itself, so it was demolished.</p><br>
<h3>Other buildings</h3><br>
<p>At one point, the Dixmont campus contained over 80 structures. However, in an effort to modernize the hospital, many of the unused and obsolete buildings were demolished in 1967. These included the Mens Annex (which housed many of the patients who were trusted with work details in the further reaches of the property), greenhouses, stables, barns, garages, and many cottages. To the left of Reed Hall stood the maintenance building which housed the carpenters, electrical, and machinist shops, as well as a basketball and shuffleboard court on the upper level. The four-story Industrial Arts building (sometimes referred to as the Garment Building) was built in 1933 and allowed patients to manufacture textiles, shoes, and furniture. Behind the Hutchinson building was the Rosenzweig House, an old white house that originally was home to the hospitals superintendents, but was later used as the security office. Near the service entrance on Ohio River Boulevard was the boiler building, reservoir/water treatment building, coal storage building, laundry building, and the iconic smoke stack. A sewage treatment plant was located adjacent to Toms Run and still remains today.</p><br>
<p>Griffith Quarry, a registered California Historical Landmark listed on the National Register of Historic Places, was a former granite quarry near Penryn, California.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The quarry was established by Griffith Griffith, a native of Wales, in 1864. The quarry produced high-quality granite used to construct many buildings in San Francisco and Sacramento, including parts of the California State Capitol. The 23 acres that surround the 2-storey building, made of granite blocks, are the remains of the quarry and its polishing mill. This mill was the first successful granite polishing mill in California.</p><br>
<p>The office of Penryn Granite Works, which ran the quarry, is now the Griffith Quarry Museum that contains history about the site as well as other local history. Some of the original furniture of the Griffith Quarry is intact.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>Dirt walking trails can be found throughout the 23-acre park. These trails take visitors through the ruins of the polishing mill and some of the quarry holes from which granite was taken. Printed trail guides are available in the museum.</p><br>
<p>Chatham–Arch is a neighborhood located immediately east of Downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. This neighborhood is one of the oldest in Indianapolis, dating back to the mid 19th century. Chatham–Arch contains many of Indianapolis&#39;s historic homes.</p><br>
<p>The Chatham–Arch Historic District is a 54.5 acre national historic district in the neighborhood that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Dinwiddie County Court House is a historic courthouse building located at the junction of USA 1 and VA 619 in Dinwiddie, Dinwiddie County, Virginia. It was built in 1851, and is a two-story, brick temple-form building in the Greek Revival style. It measures approximately 37 ft wide and 78 ft long, and features a front portico added in 1933. The courthouse was the site of the Battle of Dinwiddie Court House in the closing stages of the American Civil War. The Dinwiddie County Historical Society is currently located in this building.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>Sunset Heights is a historic area in El Paso, Texas that has existed since the latter part of the 1890s. Many wealthy residents have had their houses and mansions built on this hill. Although some buildings have been renovated to their former glory, many have been neglected and have deteriorated. An organization, the Sunset Heights Improvement Association, helps neighbors on a fixed income to manage home maintenance and also sponsors an annual tour.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John Fisher Satterthwaite first started purchasing land in the area in the 1880s and by 1885 had built 90 houses. The area was known as the "Satterthwaite Addition" while he owned the land. Satterthwaite lost the land he&#39;d built in 1894.</p><br>
<p>The name, "Sunset Heights," was given to the area in 1901, after the El Paso Herald held a contest for the best name for the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>Some buildings in Sunset Heights have remnants of tunnels underneath them which may have been started in the early 1900s. Some tunnels, including ones found under El Paso High School, may have been used to smuggle Chinese workers who were banned from the United States because of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. One of the best-known tunnels is underneath the Turtle House in Sunset Heights.</p><br>
<p>During the 1910 Mexican Revolution many affluent Mexicans fled Mexico and settled in Sunset Heights. During the Mexican Revolution, the popular Mexican revolutionary leader Pancho Villa owned property and lived in the area during the 1910s. In 1915, a house designed by Trost & Trost in Sunset Heights was used as a meeting place for General Hugh Scott and Pancho Villa.</p><br>
<p>Until around the time of the Great Depression, Sunset Heights was a fashionable neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood was designated as a historic district in 1984, with the help of John Karr. In 2003, the Sunset Heights Neighborhood Association started giving tours of historic areas and homes called the Sunset Heights Tour.</p><br>
<h2>Cityscape</h2><br>
<p>Because of the historic designation of the neighborhood, residents must adhere to a building code. Blocks in the neighborhood are of different shapes.</p><br>
<p>Interstate 10 serves as the southern and western border for the neighborhood. Schuster Avenue cuts it off to the north and Mesa Street is the eastern boundary.</p><br>
<h2>Education</h2><br>
<p>Residents are zoned to the El Paso Independent School District. Mesita Elementary School serves the community with the EC/DC (ex-Villas Elementary) in Sunset Heights. The community is also zoned to Wiggs Middle School and El Paso High School.</p><br>
<h2>Notable residents</h2><br>
<p>Victoriano Huerta</p><br>
<p>Olga Bernstein Kohlberg</p><br>
<p>Beto O&#39;Rourke</p><br>
<p>Pascual Orozco</p><br>
<p>J.H. Higdon</p><br>
<p>Henry Trost</p><br>
<p>Pancho Villa</p><br>
<p>Holy Trinity Episcopal Church, a historic Carpenter Gothic church located at 2201 Spring Lake Road, in Fruitland Park, Florida, is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As Dorothy Goodnoh Paddock noted in the Forward of In the Beauty of Holiness—a History of Holy Trinity Church, the history of Holy Trinity is a story "of sturdy faith, stable tradition and spirited optimism".</p><br>
<p>Holy Trinity&#39;s ministry started in 1886, when much of Florida was still very much pioneer country. Throughout the 1880s, many groups of settlers from the British Isles came to Central Florida to seek their fortunes.</p><br>
<p>One such group of about 80 Englishmen put together by Grenville Chetwynd Stapylton, head of Stapylton & Company, settled on 160 acre of land around what is now Zephyr Lake in Fruitland Park. The land had been purchased from Henderson Tanner, a freed slave, for $250. The settlers built a large boarding house on the lake called Zephyr Hall, as well as a large stable. They reportedly enjoyed a carefree bachelor lifestyle, complete with dances, parties, horse-racing and hunting. Rumor even had it that some of the younger men were becoming too carefree and in need of a sobering influence.</p><br>
<p>As noted in Holy Trinity&#39;s original Vestry minute book: "The want of an Episcopal Church and clergyman in the English Colony... had been for some time felt, and a movement had been made to obtain subscriptions to erect a church in the colony." Their efforts to raise funds for a church were successful and Holy Trinity Church was constructed in 1888 for $2150.</p><br>
<p>The construction style, known as "Florida" or "carpenter" gothic, was a modification of an English style adapted to the materials and conditions of the time and area. Sturdy and well constructed, the church remains in service to this day.</p><br>
<p>In 1889, a Lych-Gate was added to provide a resting place for the bier and pall-bearers before the clergyman accompanied the funeral procession to the burial site. Similar to those found in Anglican and European churchyards, it is one of only two in Florida.</p><br>
<p>During the next 116 years, Holy Trinity would experience many ups and downs, just as the State of Florida and its citizens did. But through the hard economic times, especially those brought on by the citrus freezes, Holy Trinity&#39;s doors remained open.</p><br>
<p>In August 1952, the Church Vestry and Guild voted to take whatever steps "were necessary for this mission to become a parish" That goal was realized nearly 13 years later when Holy Trinity Church was received into full parish status during the May 1965 Diocesan Convention.</p><br>
<p>In recognition of its architectural and historical significance and to help encourage its preservation, the Church was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 30, 1975.</p><br>
<p>Holy Trinity took a major step in January 2005 in reshaping its future when it established All Saints Chapel, a second worship site along the rapidly growing Highway 27 corridor between Leesburg and Clermont. The new chapel has been growing steadily since its first service, Easter Sunday 2005.</p><br>
<p>St. Mary&#39;s Episcopal Church is an historic Carpenter Gothic church located at 400 St. Johns Avenue in Green Cove Springs, Florida. On February 17, 1978, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Marys was organized in 1878 as a mission church of the Episcopal Diocese of Florida. Green Cove Springs was a popular winter resort at the time, and a woman from Boston who spent her winters there wrote to Bishop John Freeman Young asking that a chapel be built to serve the towns seasonal guests.</p><br>
<p>Winter visitors and year-round residents together raised more than $1,000 to build the church on a donated lot valued at $500. The first service was held on March 10, 1879.</p><br>
<h2>Windows</h2><br>
<p>The church&#39;s stained-glass windows came from Colgate Studio in New York City, one of the earliest stained-glass studios in the United States. The windows were created by Henry E. Sharp and are among the earliest examples of American-designed and manufactured stained glass in Florida.</p><br>
<p>The windows cost $1,100 when the church was built. In the windows behind the altar, three beatific women represent the virtues of St. Mary: faith, charity and hope. The angel Gabriel is in the center of the rose window above the altar.</p><br>
<h3>Restoration</h3><br>
<p>In 2012 parishioners in the 150-member congregation made memorial donations to restore the 18 stained-glass Lancet windows on the east and west sides of the church. The church received a $22,500 state historic preservation grant in 2013 to complete restoration of the windows. The state grant was matched by an anonymous donor.</p><br>
<p>The restoration will include cleaning the windows, re-stenciling and re-leading them if necessary, and repairing the framework supporting the windows. The stained glass also will be covered in clear Lexan thermoplastic that is resistant to ultraviolet light and is ventilated to reduce moisture and sun damage.</p><br>
<h2>National Register listing</h2><br>
<p>St. Mary&#39;s Church</p><br>
<p>added 1978 - Building - #78000933</p><br>
<p>St. Johns Ave., Green Cove Springs</p><br>
<p>Historic Significance: Event, Architecture/Engineering</p><br>
<p>Architect, builder, or engineer: Charles C. Haight, Lewis, Lawrence & Adams</p><br>
<p>Architectural Style: Gothic Revival</p><br>
<p>Area of Significance: Religion, Exploration/Settlement, Architecture</p><br>
<p>Period of Significance: 1875-1899, 1925–1949</p><br>
<p>Owner: Private</p><br>
<p>Historic Function: Religion</p><br>
<p>Historic Sub-function: Religious Structure</p><br>
<p>Current Function: Religion</p><br>
<p>Current Sub-function: Religious Structure</p><br>
<p>St. Margaret&#39;s Episcopal Church and Cemetery is a historic Carpenter Gothic church and cemetery located at 6874 Old Church Road in Hibernia, in Fleming Island, near Green Cove Springs, Florida, in the United States. On June 4, 1973, the church and its cemetery, which is also known as the Hibernia Cemetery, were added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>National Register listing</h2><br>
<p>St. Margaret&#39;s Episcopal Church and Cemetery (added 1973 - Building - #73000570)</p><br>
<p>Also known as FMSF CL22; Hibernia Cemetery FMSF CL531</p><br>
<p>6874 Old Church Rd., Hibernia</p><br>
<p>Historic Significance: Event, Architecture/Engineering</p><br>
<p>Architect, builder, or engineer: Unknown</p><br>
<p>Architectural Style: Late Gothic Revival</p><br>
<p>Area of Significance: Exploration/Settlement, Architecture, Art</p><br>
<p>Period of Significance: 1800–1824, 1825–1849, 1850–1874, 1875–1899, 1900–1924, 1925–1949</p><br>
<p>Owner: Private</p><br>
<p>Historic Function: Funerary, Religion</p><br>
<p>Historic Sub-function: Cemetery, Religious Structure</p><br>
<p>Current Function: Funerary, Religion</p><br>
<p>Current Sub-function: Cemetery, Religious Structure</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The old chapel is among the 5 oldest wooden churches still standing and in use in Florida.</p><br>
<p>Margaret Fleming financed the building of this church. She died shortly before its completion in 1878 and the first service in it was her funeral, just before the construction was completed.</p><br>
<p>Her Father-in-Law, George Fleming (1760–1821) immigrated from Ireland and settled in the late 18th century in what is now referred to as Fleming Island, just south of Orange Park and Jacksonville, FL. (And across the St. Johns River from the Bartram Trail). He and his wife (Sophia Fatio) tended orange groves and other crops on their plantation. George Fleming named his plantation Hibernia, the Latin word for Ireland, in honor of his island home country. The 1,000 acre island property was gained by a land grant from the Spanish.</p><br>
<p>The land had previously been cleared and planted, but had been abandoned. The property was on the west bank of the St. Johns River and was therefore in what was called “Indian Florida”. Land to the east of the river was called “Spanish Florida”.</p><br>
<p>George Fleming&#39;s grave is the oldest grave recorded in the church cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The elder Fleming left the plantation to his son Lewis. Lewis married Augustina Cortes, descendant of Spanish explorer Hernando Cortes. Augustina died during childbirth in 1832 leaving Lewis alone to raise their three children.</p><br>
<p>Lewis married Margaret Seton in 1837. She was a devout Episcopalian. They built a plantation home in 1845 that became known as the "Great House" (previous homes had been burned by local Indians).</p><br>
<p>After Lewis&#39; death in 1862, Margaret was the overseer of the plantation. During the civil war, Union Officer Guy Henry forced Margaret and the children to vacate the "Great House". After the war, Margaret returned to the Great House and continued to oversee the plantation. To supplement revenues for the suffering plantation, Margaret opened her home as a bed and breakfast to the tourists that traveled the St. Johns River.</p><br>
<p>Margaret would educate and teach scripture to her slaves and plantation workers in the sitting room of the Great House. As her congregation grew, Margaret needed more space, thus began construction of the chapel in 1875.</p><br>
<p>Margaret died in 1878 just before the chapel was complete. The first ceremony held in the yet unfinished chapel was Margaret&#39;s funeral service. In 1880, the church was moved to its current location, only a few feet from where Lewis and Margaret are buried.</p><br>
<h2>Closure and current use (2012-present)</h2><br>
<p>In 2005, St. Margarets Parish dedicated a new 450-seat church building near the old building. Due to changes in church leadership and a steadily declining membership, St. Margarets Church closed its doors in the Spring of 2012. The chapel can now be toured and the main church is being leased by First Assembly of God Fleming Island.</p><br>
<p>The Cornwall Apartments is a building on the National Register of Historic Places in the Capitol Hill section of Denver, Colorado. The apartments were designed by Denver architect Walter Rice in a Mexican colonial style that capturing a cosmopolitan spirit and gaiety in the unusual architectural elements for 1900, such as its balustrades, mouldings, and varied balconies.</p><br>
<p>It may have been the first building of a Spanish-derived architectural style. Other houses of the time were generally of Victorian and European architectural styles. Other architects and designers found that the Spanish style is more appropriate for Colorado&#39;s climate. The three-storied building has 21 apartments, a roof garden and full basement. A former ballroom has been in the north tower has repurposed as a penthouse apartment. The other towers were used as "summer gardens". In 1901, the building was described as "the handsomest structure on the Hill" by the Rocky Mountain News.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s first owner, William T. Cornwall, was a Denver Fire Clay Company executive and a local real estate developer. The building is now condominiums, and the exterior was renovated in 2010.</p><br>
<p>The La Grange Church and Cemetery is a historic Carpenter Gothic church and cemetery in Titusville, Florida, United States. It is located at 1575 Old Dixie Highway. On December 7, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>National Register listing</h2><br>
<p>La Grange Church and Cemetery</p><br>
<p>(added 1995 - Building - #95001413)</p><br>
<p>Also known as FMSF# 8DR454*</p><br>
<p>1575 Old Dixie Hwy., Titusville</p><br>
<p>Historic Significance: Architecture/Engineering, Event</p><br>
<p>Architect, builder, or engineer: Mims, B.J., et al., Feasterr, J.N. & J.C.C.</p><br>
<p>Area of Significance: Architecture, Social History</p><br>
<p>Period of Significance: 1875–1899, 1900–1924, 1925–1949</p><br>
<p>Owner: Private</p><br>
<p>Historic Function: Funerary, Religion</p><br>
<p>Historic Sub-function: Cemetery, Religious Structure</p><br>
<p>Current Function: Funerary, Vacant/Not In Use</p><br>
<p>Current Sub-function: Cemetery</p><br>
<h2>Notable burials</h2><br>
<p>Harriette Moore (1902–1952). School teacher and social reformer, killed by a planted bomb in her home</p><br>
<p>Harry T. Moore (1905–1951). Teacher and civil right activist and husband of Harriette, killed by the same bomb</p><br>
<p>Henry T. Titus (1823–1881). Pioneer, soldier of fortune, and founder of Titusville</p><br>
<p>The Leaning Tower of Niles is a half-size replica of the Leaning Tower of Pisa located in Niles, Illinois. Designed by architect Albert L. Farr and completed in 1934, it was commissioned by industrialist Robert Ilg as part of a recreation park for employees of the Ilg Hot Air Electric Ventilating Company of Chicago. It is situated at 6300 W. Touhy Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Ilgair Parks pools and artificial lake needed a large water tank and pumping equipment to function, which Robert Ilg decided to hide by building a replica of the Leaning Tower of Pisa to house them. In 1960, the descendants of Robert Ilg donated part of the park for the construction of the Leaning Tower YMCA. Other amenities of the employees recreational park included a wooden toboggan run, which was in decay but still visible in the 1960s.</p><br>
<p>A study in 2014 concluded that the Leaning Tower of Niles is in need of about $600,000 in repairs.</p><br>
<p>On November 17, 2015, the Niles Village Board approved a proposal for the village to purchase the Leaning Tower from the YMCA for $10. The Board also approved a contract to spend $550,000 to repair and renovate the building.</p><br>
<p>On March 15, 2016, Niles voters passed a non-binding referendum approving of the village spending the money to renovate the tower.</p><br>
<p>The Leaning Tower of Niles contains five bells. Three of the bells were cast in Cavezzo, Italy, in 1623, 1735 and 1747. How they came to be included in the tower is not known.</p><br>
<p>The tower was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.</p><br>
<h2>Symbol of city</h2><br>
<p>In 1991, the village of Niles, Illinois, established a sister city pact with Pisa, Italy. A US$1.2 million renovation of the Leaning Tower of Niles was started in 1995 by Mayor Nicholas Blase and the Board of Trustees, and was completed in 1996, improving the structure, façade and the Plaza area. The Leaning Tower Plaza area now has four fountains and a 30-foot pool. Village web site and publications include images of the tower. Leaning Tower Concert Series are summertime open-air music concerts sponsored by the village since the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>The City Point Community Church  is a historic church in Cocoa, Florida, United States. It is located at 3783 North Indian River Drive.</p><br>
<p>It was originally constructed as a public hall, school, and non-denominational church for both black and white residents. A five-person board of trustees was formed to act on this effort. The land was donated by J.C. Norwood. It was designed by board member A.L. Hatch and built by board member John M. Sanders, who completed the work on November 1, 1885. Other board members were William H. Sharpe, George W. Holmes, and George H. Chester. The structure served as the beginning congregation for several churches, including the United Methodist Church of Cocoa, Church of Christ, Church of God, Primitive Baptist Church, Calvin Baptist Church, Indian River Baptist Church, Baptist Enterprise Church, and the First Apostolic Temple. The building was used as a school until 1924. Picnics, dances, political rallies, a precinct voting station and observation tower during World War II were some of the uses the community found for the building.</p><br>
<p>On June 20, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>St. Lukes Episcopal Church and Cemetery is an historic Carpenter Gothic style Episcopal church building built in 1888 and its adjacent cemetery located at 5555 North Tropical Trail, in Courtenay, on Merritt Island, Brevard County, Florida, in the United States. On June 15, 1990, St. Lukes and its cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places as Old St. Luke&#39;s Episcopal Church and Cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>St. Luke&#39;s is an active parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Central Florida. In 1978 a new church building was completed adjacent to the old church, built in 1888, which is now used as a chapel for small weddings and funerals. The cemetery is still being used for burials.</p><br>
<p>The Community Chapel of Melbourne Beach is a historic chapel at 501 Ocean Avenue, Melbourne Beach, Florida, United States. The local residents built the chapel in 1892 & made it non-denominational, which it remains today. On May 14, 1992, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Prior to constructing this chapel, the community used the home of local resident Grace Cummings, called Myrtle Cottage, as the place of worship. For many years, mainland ministers held seasonal services at the chapel. The hurricane of 1924 significantly damaged the foundation of the chapel and services did not resume until repairs were complete in December 1927. In 1929, the trustees hired Reverend Walter Lamphear as the first minister. Dr. Vincent Booth succeeded Lamphear as the minister from 1939-1943. In 1942, extensive upgrades to the chapel doubled the seating capacity from 70 to 140. Also, the size of the chancel was increased and transepts were added on the east and west sides. Chaplain Roy M. Terry, a retired Air Force Chief of Chaplains, served as minister from 1982 to 1988 and instituted year-round worship services. On January 10, 1992, the congregation dedicated the Roy Terry Center for Christian Fellowship in his honor. Chaplain John Rasberry also served as the minister. In July 2000, retired Air Force Chaplain John Secret became minister and he serves in this position today. In 2004, the Terry Center received major damage from the series of hurricanes that hit the area. In September 2005, the congregation rededicated the Center upon completion of renovations.</p><br>
<p>The Davie School  is a historic school in Davie, Florida, USA. It is located at 6650 Griffin Road. It was designed by August Geiger. It opened its doors in 1918 to 90 students, and was in continuous use as a school until 1978. On March 29, 1988, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It is the oldest extant school building in Broward County.</p><br>
<h2>School building</h2><br>
<p>The architect Geiger was hired by the school board in 1917 and presented them with his plans for the school that September. It is a T-shaped two-story building constructed of concrete with a textured stucco finish. The building has a hip roof with a surrounding parapet. Architectural elements include horseshoe and bell-shaped openings, raised bands of stucco and multiple panel windows.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Until the early 20th century, what is now Davie was considered an impenetrable swamp, accessible only by water. At first, school was held in a room at the general store along a canal, and in 1911, a two-room wooden structure was built for the growing population of Zona (what is now Davie). Built in 1917 it was the first permanent school in what had been The Everglades. The second floor auditorium was used for a variety of civic purposes. It functioned continuously as a school until 1979. In 1977 Davie built a new elementary school, the next year nearby students were taught there until the completion of Griffin Elementary School in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>The city of Davie negotiated the purchase of the land around the schoolhouse from the Broward County School District in 1998, at that time the school building was being used as an event venue. In 2008 after being closed to the public for nearly 20 years the Davie school reopened as the Old Davie School Historical Museum, with exhibits about life and agriculture during the development of Davie in the 1920s. Adjacent to the school is the 1930s period Viele House, a historic house museum, and the Pioneer House, a replica of a 1908 early settler&#39;s shack.</p><br>
<p>The Old Dillard High School, also known as the Colored School or Walker Elementary, is a historic school in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 1001 Northwest 4th Street. The first school building in Broward County for black students , it was built in 1924 by Cayot & Hart and the architect was John Morris Peterman. On February 20, 1991, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It is the oldest surviving black school in Fort Lauderdale, and is named for black education advocate James H. Dillard.  Its first principal, from 1924 until 1937, was Joseph A. Ely. Clarence C. Walker, Sr. served as principal from 1937 until his death in 1942.</p><br>
<p>The high school grades were moved to a new facility in 1950, and the old building became Dillard Elementary. A new building was constructed for Dillard Elementary, and in 1954 a citizens&#39; committee requested that the old school be named Walker Elementary. In the late 1980s the building was boarded up and slated for demolition, but was saved through community activism.</p><br>
<h2>Old Dillard Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Old Dillard Museum is located in the high school, which was built in 1923 as the citys first school for blacks. The museums exhibits focus on local African American history and culture.</p><br>
<p>Posters announcing the Museum&#39;s activities are found on its Twitter.</p><br>
<h2>Notable former employees</h2><br>
<p>Cannonball Adderley, jazz musician</p><br>
<p>The Oakland Park Elementary School is a historic school in Oakland Park, Florida, United States. The school, part of Broward County Public Schools, is located at 936 Northeast 33rd Street. On June 9, 1988, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. the principle of the school is Michelle Garcia. The mascot of the school is an eagle. Grades are Pre-K, K, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th. There are English for Speakers of Other Languages students in this school who typically natively speak Spanish or Creole.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The school was built in 1926 before the city was incorporated as Oakland Park (1929) when it was Floranada. Local residents sheltered in the school during hurricanes. It was expanded in 1949 with the addition of three rooms. It is the oldest Broward County school in continuous use. In 1951 the school had 275 students. In 1988 enrollment was 458.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The main classroom building, built in 1926 is U-shaped and has arcaded walkways and an open courtyard. The vaulted rectangular two story auditorium was built in 1927.</p><br>
<p>The Old Palmetto Hotel is a historic hotel in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 1889 Old Dixie Highway the Palmetto Hotel was constructed in 1921 by George W. Gray. The hotel provided a social center for the community as well as a lodging site for the many winter guests who would visit annually. After serving the county offices, it was enlarged in 1926 and in the 1930s it became the Kromhout Apartments, later it became Charlton Apartments, then Skippers Inn, and later in 1989, the Regent Court Apartments. On November 13, 1991, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Farmar Mill, also known as Mathers Mill, is a historic mill building. The mill was powered by the Wissahickon Creek and is located on Mather&#39;s Lane near Skippack Pike , and just west of the historic Bethlehem Pike in the village of Whitemarsh , Pennsylvania, in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The water-powered gristmill was built around the year 1690 by Edward Farmar. Farmars father was a British army officer living in Ireland who had purchased a 5,000 acre parcel of land in Pennsylvania from William Penn. This tract contained most of what is present-day Whitemarsh Township. Farmars father died before he could move his family to America, but his mother brought the family to America in 1685, settling in the area of present-day Fort Washington.</p><br>
<p>Farmar Mill was the original terminus for Skippack Pike, which was established in 1713. By 1722, a road also existed from Farmar Mill, through the village of Three Tuns, to Richard Saunders&#39; ferry, on the Neshaminy Creek (later the village of Bridge Point, now Edison) in Bucks County.</p><br>
<p>In 1740, Quaker businessman Samuel Morris bought a one-half interest in the mill, and bought the remaining half interest after Farmars death in 1746. During the period of 1743 and 1748, Morris was building his country mansion "Whitemarsh Estate" (later known as Hope Lodge) a mere stones throw from Farmars Mill. After Morris death in 1770, his brother Joshua sold the mill and 4 acre of land to Isaac Mather, whose son Joseph built the present mill in 1820.</p><br>
<p>Farmar Mill is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Today, Farmar Mill is part of a museum and historic site at Hope Lodge operated by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Due to concerns of structural integrity, the building is not open to the public.</p><br>
<p>The Minnesota State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Children was a residential and educational facility for wards of the state from 1886 to 1945, located in Owatonna, Minnesota, United States. The State School was created by an act of the Minnesota legislature in 1885 as an effort to provide safe, transitional housing for the state&#39;s orphaned, abandoned, and abused children. The goal was to remove at-risk children from harmful situations and place them in the State School, where they would reside in a home-like setting, receive an education, and eventually be placed with suitable farm families. Over 60 years of operation, the State School was home to a total of 10,635 children.</p><br>
<p>The facility closed in 1945 as adoption and foster care came to be preferred over institutionalization. The State School complex became the Owatonna State School (OSS) for children with developmental disabilities. The OSS closed in 1970. After four years of vacancy, the campus was purchased by the city of Owatonna to serve as its new seat of government. The complex was renamed West Hills. The Minnesota State Public School Orphanage Museum on the grounds interprets the history of the site.</p><br>
<p>The main Administration Building of the State School was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. The larger complex of 19 surviving buildings, including the previously listed Administration Building, were added to the National Register as a historic district in 2010.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Minnesota State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Children was created by an act of the 1885 State Legislature, which was championed by Governor Lucius F. Hubbard and Reverend Hastings H. Hart, Secretary of the Minnesota Board of Corrections and Charities. Before this facility was created, orphaned, dependent, abused, and neglected children in Minnesota were placed in country poor farms with adult derelicts, petty criminals, alcoholics, and the mentally ill. This school was created to be a haven where these children could be saved from a life of poverty or crime, and transformed into productive members of society.</p><br>
<p>Minnesota chose to follow the cottage system developed by the Michigan State Public School in Coldwater, Michigan, which was created as an alternative to the linear orphanage system. The cottage plan was to offer the children a family-like group atmosphere with about 20-25 to a cottage. Each cottage was managed by a matron who lived in the cottage full-time. Eventually, there were 16 cottages on the grounds in Owatonna. By the 1930s, up to 500 children were housed at the State School at any time. Children were constantly being placed out, and new and unfamiliar children being placed in. These were orphaned, dependent, neglected and abused Minnesota children who had been made wards of the state by the probate courts. The State School was to be a temporary home, preparing the children for adoption or placement in new, "good" homes. While the intent was to keep the children only for a few months, some stayed on for years and suffered the effects of institutionalization.</p><br>
<h3>Self-sufficient institution</h3><br>
<p>The State School was often referred to as the "city on the hill" or as a "city within a city." At the height of its existence in the 1930s, the school housed 500 children in 16 cottages. Other buildings included a nursery, hospital, school, gymnasium, laundry, and residences for employees and the superintendent. The school had its own power plant, greenhouse, ice house, cemetery, and complete farm with cows, horses, swine, and chickens, making it close to being self-sufficient. The State School had electricity before the City of Owatonna did.</p><br>
<p>Many crafts were conducted right on campus. In a normal day a person could visit a functional bakery, cobbler shop, laundry, barber shop, sewing rooms, butcher shop, and carpenter shop. Originally housed on 160 acres, the grounds grew to 329 acres by 1937, with 42 acres for campus and 287 acres for cultivation to feed all the livestock, and fruit/vegetables for its inhabitants. In addition to grains, the State School farm produced potatoes, carrots, beans, squash, strawberries, raspberries, apples, etc. The wards were expected to act as the primary labor force, especially during harvest. Many foods were canned and stored for use in winter. A greenhouse was used to start the vegetables, fruits, and flowers each spring and two root cellars stored the harvested crops over the winter months.</p><br>
<p>The iconic Main Building served as the school nerve center. It was built in five phases, beginning in 1886 at a cost of $50,000 appropriated by the Minnesota legislature. Architect Warren Barnes Dunnell designed the first three sections. The Main Building was completed in 1887 and, when there was funding, the north and south wings were added in 1889. It came to house the library, chapel, offices, employee and children&#39;s dining rooms, industrial departments, and living quarters for small boys and employees.</p><br>
<h3>Closing of the State School</h3><br>
<p>By 1945, state public welfare officials came to believe that early foster care or adoption was preferable to institutionalization, so admissions ceased. In 1947, the Minnesota State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Children (SPS) was officially abolished and all its lands, buildings, property, and funds were transferred to the newly established Owatonna State School (OSS), which provided academic and vocational training for individuals with developmental disabilities. The OSS closed in 1970.</p><br>
<p>After standing empty for four years, the City of Owatonna purchased the campus area from the State of Minnesota in 1974 to house administrative offices and related facilities.</p><br>
<h2>Minnesota State Public School Orphanage Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Minnesota State Public School Orphanage Museum is located on the former State School grounds, which are now owned by the City of Owatonna. Visitors can learn about the history of the school and the children, watch a 1930s film taken of the children, walk through a restored boys&#39; cottage, and stroll the grounds. The campus is one of the most intact examples of a state cottage school standing in the United States and is significant on a national level. The 1934 school building, now known as Merrill Hall, contains a mural, Mother Goose, created by the WPA artist Miriam Ibling.</p><br>
<p>The museum exists in large part because a former State Schooler, named Harvey Ronglien, believed that the memory of the children who lived at the State School and the way they were treated should not be forgotten. Harvey spent 11 years at the State School, arriving when he was just 5 years old in 1932. After retiring from a career as a lineman (technician) with Owatonna Public Utilities (OPU), Harvey and his wife Maxine began their effort to remember the children. In 1992, the first step was taken to get permission from the Owatonna City Council to have a statue representing the "State School Kids" erected in front of the former Main Building, which was used as the City Administration Building.</p><br>
<p>For more than twenty years, the Rongliens work expanded to create the museum that exists today. In 2011, Maxine Ronglien was honored with an Advocacy Award by the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota. Over the years, the Rongliens also gave a presentation to hundreds of group tours and school groups about Harvey Rongliens experiences at the State School, the effects of institutional living, and the importance of family.</p><br>
<p>The museum became a non-profit 501(c)3 organization in 1999, and operated with a twelve-person board of directors. Following Harvey Ronglien&#39;s death in 2021, the museum announced a merger with the Steele County Historical Society.</p><br>
<h3>Main Museum</h3><br>
<p>The primary museum is located in the central hall of the Owatonna City Administration Building. This u-shaped hall hosts display cabinets with materials both sorted chronologically and by subject. Visitors may also watch two videos and see photos and artifacts that tell the stories of the children who lived this history.</p><br>
<h3>Cottage 11</h3><br>
<p>Constructed in 1923 by architect Clarence H. Johnston Sr., Cottage 11 was originally designed to house 25 boys, but eventually housed 30-35 boys from ages 6–13. In 2009, the restored cottage opened for tourists. Highlights include the original terrazzo flooring, bathroom fixtures and woodwork; a gift shop; and the opportunity to walk through an original cottage from the orphanage era and learn the story of the boys who lived there. The restoration process included removing walls, sanding floors, scraping paint, adding new furnaces and air-conditioning units, construction projects, painting, finishing floors, finding artifacts, and installing audio systems. Museum founder, Harvey Ronglien, lived in Cottage 11 for eight years and tells his story in the book A Boy from C-11, Case #9164.</p><br>
<h3>Children&#39;s Cemetery</h3><br>
<p>In all, 198 State School children have been buried in the Children&#39;s Cemetery located in the southwest corner of the campus. The cemetery is open for public viewing, weather permitting. It has been restored by the Museum Board and local friends. The first 47 children were buried with a tombstone. However, the practice was then changed. The next 151 children who died were buried simply with their identification number etched on a slab of cement. Through a community effort, each grave now has a named marker. A memorial boardwalk also leads to the cemetery.</p><br>
<h3>Outdoor Audio Stations</h3><br>
<p>Guests may explore the campus by following the six-station Outdoor Audio Tour. The tour stations lead to historic sites, such as the restored Boys Cottage 11, the Childrens Cemetery, Root Cellar, Flag Pole Plaza, Rock Garden, and 1898 School Monument. The audio stations are active from May 1 through November 1.</p><br>
<h2>The Children Remember documentary</h2><br>
<p>The Children Remember is an 87-minute film that brings together a revealing and stirring collection of oral history spoken by thirteen candid survivors of life in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s at the Minnesota State School for Dependent and Neglected Children. It was completed in 2002, after a two-year production process. The film was the winner of the Bill Snyder Award for Best Documentary Feature at the 2003 Fargo Film Festival and was selected as one of the Best of Fest at the 2003 Minneapolis-St. Paul International Film Festival.</p><br>
<p>Former State School residents in the film include: Oscar and Harvey Ronglien, Eva Carlson Jensen, Lester Felien, Eugene Bliss, Ruth Lowry Fizer, Richard Webber, Violet Grothe Conlin, Wilbur Hollister, Helen Hoover Bowers, Iris Avis Segelstrom Wright, Vivian Swan Manthe, Robert Charnell; State School family member: Arlene P. Nelson; State School staff: Grace Larson White, Luella Wardien Keller; community interviewees: Bernadine Haberman, daughter of "Joe the plumber" Pribyl; Jane Jacobson, Owatonna classmate and friend; Helen Patterson, Sunday School teacher, 1936-1941; R.W. "Buzz" Kaplan, high school classmate and friend.</p><br>
<p>Individuals involved in the production were: Kathleen Laughlin/producer, director, editor; Maxine Ronglien/executive producer; Michael Maas/project director; Harvey Ronglien/historian; Kevin Kling/narrator; Mike Hazard/writer; Ed Matney/camera; Ted Golbuff/sound; Robert Hughes/composer.</p><br>
<h2>Books by State Schoolers</h2><br>
<p>Several former residents or their family members have written memoirs of their lives, including their time at the State School.</p><br>
<p>God&#39;s Angry Man: The Incredible Journey of Private Joe Haan by B. Wayne Quist</p><br>
<p>A Boy from C-11 Case #9164, A Memoir by Harvey Ronglien</p><br>
<p>Iris Blossom and Boxing Gloves by Iris Segelstrom Wright</p><br>
<p>Crackers and Milk by Arlene Nelson</p><br>
<p>No Tears Allowed by Eva Carlson Jensen</p><br>
<p>While the Locust Slept by Peter Razor</p><br>
<p>My Light at the End of the Tunnel by Helen Hoover Bowers</p><br>
<p>Patty&#39;s Journey: From Orphanage to Adoption and Reunion by Donna Scott Norling</p><br>
<p>Barn Vet - The Story of a Minnesota Finn by Aaron P. Antroinen, DVM</p><br>
<p>Minnesota Man by Jemkay Smith</p><br>
<p>Pursuit of Perfection: From Orphanage to National Champion by Lynn Borland</p><br>
<p>Little by Little: The Life Story of Tom Little by Mary Beth Frost</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place is a neighborhood in Indianapolis, Indiana, located about a mile east of downtown Indianapolis. It was established in the 1870s by developer James O. Woodruff as an early suburb of Indianapolis. Woodruff Place&#39;s boundaries are: 10th Street on the north, Woodruff Place West Drive on the west, Michigan Street on the south, and Woodruff Place East Drive on the east. Woodruff Place was incorporated in 1876 and remained an independent town even as the city of Indianapolis grew and expanded around it, enclosing the community well within the city limits. In1962 it became one of the final municipalities to be annexed by the city of Indianapolis prior to the merger of city and county governments under Unigov in 1969.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place is bounded on the west by the campus of Arsenal Technical High School, which opened in 1912 on the site of the former Indianapolis Arsenal and still uses several historic buildings from the arsenal.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place was once considered to be one of Indianapolis&#39;s more affluent neighborhoods before beginning a gradual decline as the automobile led to the development of newer upscale subdivisions starting in the late 1910s. By the 1950s, many of the grand homes had been subdivided into apartments. Previously, the neighborhood had only a modest collection of duplexes and smaller apartment buildings that had been added beginning in the early 1910s. The neighborhood reached its lowest point in the 1960s, prompting community organizing in the early 1970s to encourage neighborhood revitalization. The 1980s and 1990s saw extensive neighborhood rehabilitation, and Woodruff Place is now considered a highly desirable historic inner-city address.</p><br>
<p>Its design reflects the developer&#39;s plan to build a prestigious enclave. Most of the homes in Woodruff Place are expansive, Victorian style homes from the late 19th century. The layout of the neighborhood is simple; three drives that run north-south (appropriately named East, West, and Middle) and a cross drive (not surprisingly, named Cross Drive). The streets are lined with magnolia and oak trees and, except for Cross Drive, have central medians. A fountain sits at each one of the intersections. Smaller fountains line the medians.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Place was the inspiration behind Indianapolis native Booth Tarkingtons successful novel The Magnificent Ambersons. Artist T. C. Steeles son Brandt, a noted designer and architect in his own right, and his family were also Woodruff Place residents, living in a home designed by Brandt Steele.</p><br>
<p>James O. Woodruff also created "Hendricks Place". In the spring of 1872, Thomas A. Hendricks was elected governor of Indiana. He sold his property, the Bates-Hendricks House, to Woodruff, who then created his first Victorian neighborhood, Hendricks Place, surrounding the house. In the fall of that year, Woodruff created Woodruff Place, but few homes were built because a depression in 1873 stopped construction in both neighborhoods for almost twenty years.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, Woodruff Place was added to the National Register of Historic Places. In 2001, the neighborhood was officially designated a local historic preservation district by the city of Indianapolis.</p><br>
<p>The African American Museum and Library at Oakland  is a museum and non-circulating library in the Oakland Public Library system dedicated to preserving African American history, experiences and culture. Located on 14th Street in Downtown Oakland, California, United States, the museum contains an extensive archival collection of such artifacts as diaries, correspondence, photos, and periodicals.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The AAMLO is located at the Charles S. Greene building which previously was the Carnegie library. The building served as the Oakland Main Library from 1902 to 1951.</p><br>
<p>The AAMLO began as a private collection in 1946, and on July 2, 1965, became the East Bay Negro Historical Society (EBNHS). It later changed its name to the Northern California Center for Afro-American History & Life, before being incorporated into the city of Oakland in 1994 under its current name, the African American Museum and Library at Oakland.</p><br>
<p>Among more than 160 collections in the library are archives relating to Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panthers, Africa, and genealogy. Materials include photographs, manuscripts, letters, diaries, newspapers, recorded oral histories, videos, and microfilms. AAMLO&#39;s two galleries host changing exhibitions of art, history, and culture, including collaborative exhibitions.</p><br>
<p>AAMLO&#39;s collections include:</p><br>
<p>- Oakland&#39;s first African American schoolteacher</p><br>
<p>- Congressman and mayor of Oakland, California</p><br>
<p>- Superintendent of Oakland Schools assassinated in 1973</p><br>
<p>- Bay Area Congresswoman</p><br>
<p>- Cartoonist, creator of the comic strip Wee Pals</p><br>
<p>- Hollywood and Motown designer</p><br>
<p>Eugene and Ruth Lasartemay and Jesse and Marcella Ford began collecting artifacts and documents creating the private collection in 1946. Initially housed in a small shop front on Grove Street (now Martin Luther King Jr. Way), the collection grew quickly and in 1982, was moved into the Oakland Public Library&#39;s Golden Gate Branch. It officially became AAMLO, a public/private partnership, in 1994. AAMLO moved into its current location in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Horsham&ndash;Montgomery Bridge is an historic American stone bridge that carries Pennsylvania Route 152  over the Little Neshaminy Creek in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. Lower State Road merges with Limekiln Pike southwest of the bridge, and diverts from it northeast of the bridge. Lower State Road, including its passage over the bridge, forms the border between Horsham and Montgomery Townships.</p><br>
<p>The Horsham–Montgomery Bridge was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1839, the multiple-span arch bridge is an excellent example of nineteenth-century stone highway bridges. It has two 19.5 ft with an overall length of 125 ft.</p><br>
<p>The Horsham–Montgomery Bridge was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>The Havana Water Tower is a historic water tower which stands in Havana, Illinois. Built in 1889 and designed by St. Louis architect F. William Raider, it holds 50,000 gallons and was the town&#39;s only water supply until 1962. It is the fourth-oldest water tower in Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>F.W. Raider designed the structure in a lighthouse style.</p><br>
<p>The brick water tower is approximately 86 ft tall on an octagonal base. The soft brick may have been manufactured locally. The 50,000 gallon sits on a platform at an elevation of 50 feet. The top of the tank was open until the 1950s, when a flat, silver top was added. The flat roof was later replaced with a conical style based on the original blueprints.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was designated an American Water Landmark by the American Water Works Association in 1982 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The tank was drained in 2012 due to worries about structural stability.</p><br>
<p>In 2021, Landmarks Illinois listed the water tower as one of the most endangered historic landmarks. The organization also awarded a $2,500 grant that was used to repair retaining walls, which were decorated with a mural by Green Valley artist Luke Kinzler.</p><br>
<p>The Quaker Manor House is an historic, American building that is located at 1165 Pinetown Road in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This historic structure was built in 1730 as a residence and fur trading post by John Getty, who served as an Indian agent representing the Province of Pennsylvania and Governor Patrick Gordon, and a friend of James Logan. After Gettys death, the house was purchased by Quaker Jeremiah Warder, a Philadelphia merchant, who lived in the house until 1783. Warder, who was a friend of Benjamin Chew, was arrested during the American Revolution and imprisoned in Virginia. During this period, the Quaker Manor House was also known by the name "Warders Conquest."</p><br>
<p>During the American Revolutionary War, George Washington and the Continental Army spent six weeks camped at nearby Whitemarsh in the autumn of 1777. During the encampment, the Quaker Manor House served as the headquarters for Washington&#39;s Surgeon General, John Cochran.</p><br>
<p>The Quaker Manor House is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places, and is currently a privately owned residence.</p><br>
<p>The Porcher House is a historic home in Cocoa, Florida. It is located at 434 Delannoy Avenue. On January 6, 1986, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1916 by Edward Postell Porcher as a home for his wife, Byrnina M. Peck, the historic house is an excellent example of 20th century classical revival architecture, adapted to the Florida climate. The ten bedroom house is composed of native coquina rock, and finished in the interior with teak, oak, and cedar. In the 1950s, the city of Cocoa obtained the house from the Porcher family and turned it into the City Hall. It is currently rented out for special occasions.</p><br>
<p>Porcher was a pioneer in the citrus industry and is credited with being the first to wash, grade and inspect fruit. His wife was the first postmistress of Merritt Island.</p><br>
<h2>Footnotes</h2><br>
<p>The Judge George Robbins House is a historic home in Titusville, Florida, United States. It is located at 703 Indian River Avenue. The house is the only remaining example of the Dutch Colonial Revival style in Titusville.</p><br>
<p>Robbins purchased the lot in 1891 for $1500 and an adjoining lot a year later. However, construction on the house only began in October 1900. It was completed in early March 1901.</p><br>
<p>On January 12, 1990, the house was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The house was owned by Diantha and Clyde Pirtle for approximately 25 years.</p><br>
<p>The Pritchard House is a historic house in Titusville, Florida, United States. It is located at 424 South Washington Avenue. On January 12, 1990, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The house is owned by the Brevard County Board of County Commissioners and operated by the North Brevard Heritage Foundation.</p><br>
<h2>Family History</h2><br>
<p>James Pritchard was born in New York City in 1836. He served in the Confederacy and met his wife Mary Haley Boye in December 1866. After inheriting land from Marys grandfather, the couple moved to an area near what "became Indian River City but was then known as Pritchards Landing". In 1888, Pritchard organized the Indian River State bank and served as its president. In 1891, contractor Pleasant J. Hall began building the Pritchards new home located on Washington Avenue. Captain Pritchard, his wife Mary, his mother-in-law Frances Delespine Boye, and his children Boud and Kate were the original occupants. Captain Pritchard died in 1926 and is buried at Oaklawn Cemetery in Titusville, Florida. Boud and his wife, Lola Pauline Smith, known as "Miss Lovie" lived in the house until their deaths. Boud and Miss Lovies daughter Mary lived in house until 2005, when the house was purchased by Brevard County Board of County Commissioners.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Pritchard House is a two-story wood-framed Queen Anne style residence located near downtown Titusville. It is surrounded by a white picket fence and is situated between two major thoroughfares. According to the original paperwork submitted to the National Park Service for the inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places:</p><br>
<p>The main block of the house is gable front with a slope front gable wing on the south elevation. Exterior walls imbricated with wood fishscale shingles. Outstanding features on the main block include decorative ogee shaped bargeboard with incised scrollwork and drop pendants. The side gable contains round arched bargeboard of similar design. A conical tower at the southeast corner complements a canted, two story porch. The porch wraps the east and west elevations and is supported by small Tuscan columns with scroll brackets. The front gabled bay is canted. Three large brick chimneys with corbelled caps and hoods are located on the north and south lateral slopes of the roof and the west ridge. The house rests on a brick pier foundation. A rear porch addition does not significantly affect the integrity of the structure. In the late nineteenth century, prominent citizens built Queen Anne-style homes along the South Washington Avenue and North Indian River Avenue corridors. The Pritchard House is the last remaining Queen Anne residence on South Washington Avenue.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>In 2003, the owner of the home, Mary Pritchard Schuster sent a letter of intent to District 1 County Commissioner Truman Scarborough offering to sell the home to Brevard County. The house was to be restored in its original location and used as a Living History House Museum. No portion of the land could be sold, a member of the Pritchard family must be included in the organization that operates the museum and if the house ever ceases to operate as a house museum, ownership will revert to the Pritchard family. The county purchased the home and property for $250,000.</p><br>
<p>After Brevard County took ownership of the Pritchard House in 2005, restoration began immediately. Brevard County spent approximately $50,000 fixing the home before leasing it to the North Brevard Heritage Foundation. The North Brevard Heritage Foundation continued to renovate the home and planned to operate it as a museum. The house needed several repairs when Brevard County took possession of it. The foundation needed to be stabilized with concrete footings and hurricane-resistant straps. The porch required a return to historical accuracy. The homes interior needed to be restored as well, including furniture restoration, wallpapering, painting, and flooring. An archeological dig began in 2005 by the Indian River Anthropological Society. Some treasures that were found included an ink bottle, perfume bottle, square nails, ceramic pieces, and childrens marbles.</p><br>
<h2>Historical Marker</h2><br>
<p>The North Brevard Heritage Foundation unveiled a state historic marker in December 2005. The marker reads:</p><br>
<p>Captain James Pritchard bought a lot from Mary Titus, and in the spring of 1891 contracted Pleasant J. Hall, who had built St. Gabriels Episcopal Church, to build a Queen Anne style house of heart pine. It appears today much like it did then. On the first floor is a main entrance hall, a stairway to the second floor, parlor and dining room. The kitchen was separated from the main living area by an open passage, now closed in with a side door. A narrow stairway ascends from the kitchen to the maids room above. The second floor has four bedrooms with built-in closets. Only the master bedroom had access to the balcony. The passage between the main house and maids room at the end of the hall later became a bathroom. A pipe connected to a hand pump located next to the tub carried water from the cistern below. The four fireplaces have original tiled hearths. The entrance hall light fixture is original. In 1888, Pritchard organized Titusvilles first bank, built the first generating plant in 1890-later sold to Florida Power and Light Co., and owned James Pritchard and Son Hardware Store. Pritchard family members had continuously lived in the house, until it was purchased by Brevard County in May 2005.</p><br>
<h2>Tourist Attraction</h2><br>
<p>The Pritchard House opened to the public in December 2010. Tours are available strictly by reservation-only. The house can be reserved for weddings, meetings, and private functions. Special public events take place throughout the year including civil war reenactments, exclusive seating for the Titusville Holiday parade, and parties.</p><br>
<p>The Nyberg-Swanson House  is a historic home in Dania Beach, Florida. It is located at 102 West Dania Beach Boulevard. On May 28, 1999, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The -story, rectangular home was built. It is the only extant example of rusticated concrete block construction in Dania Beach.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>Crowds of hundreds gathered at 4 AM in 1993 to watch building moved along Federal Highway from its original location (202 S. Federal Hwy.) to its current location. The Nyberg-Swanson House was made a part of the city of Dania Beach Historic Preservation Plan in 2000. The same year the Dania Beach Chamber of Commerce began using the building for office space.</p><br>
<p>The Dania Beach City Parks and Recreation Department office relocated to the house in 2001. In 2003 a lease for two years, at a rate of ten dollars per year, replaced the verbal agreement the chamber had with the city. The building was renovated in 2004. The office of the City Attorney was moved to the house in. In 2009 the house was being used jointly by the city&#39;s Recreation Department and Chamber of Commerce.</p><br>
<p>The James D. and Alice Butler House, commonly known as the Butler House, is a historic house museum in Deerfield Beach, Florida. It is located at 380 East Hillsboro Boulevard. On July 28, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>Built in the Mediterranean Revival style it was the home of early Deerfield Beach settlers and civic leaders, James D. and Alice Wood Butler. Alice Butler obtained the plans for the house from a popular ladies&#39; magazine, the Ladies Home Journal of September 1923. Situated on almost four city lots the home was built by Gulfstream Lumber Company of Delray at a cost of. It was built on the site of home the Butlers had purchased in 1912 for. The building is constructed of hollow tile, the interior walls are plaster on lath and the roof is made from Spanish terracotta tiles.</p><br>
<p>In 1974 the home was designated a Florida Historic Site. In 1977 the Butler family deeded the home and grounds to the Deerfield Beach Historical Society which operates it as a historic house museum.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>The Butler House has been fully restored and contains many of the original furnishings, an exception being the dining room table that was replaced after the original had been used to protect the west dining room window during the San Felipe Segundo hurricane in 1928. The wicker furniture purchased by the Butlers in 1923 for is featured, as are hats from the flapper era and the lion&#39;s paw bathtub. the house is open to the public monthly. The property features a one–hundred year old Banyan tree where the Deerfield Beach Historical Society holds events. The society operates the property as an event venue and maintains its headquarters there in addition to the function of the home as a museum.</p><br>
<p>The Bonnet House  is a historic home in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States. It is located at 900 Birch Road. On July 5, 1984, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The property was originally acquired in 1895 by Hugh Taylor Birch, a Chicago lawyer, and given to his daughter Helen and her husband, artist Frederic Clay Bartlett, as a wedding gift in 1919. Bartlett built a plantation-style home on the property and wintered there with his wife and child from a previous marriage, Frederic Jr, until Helen died in 1925. As a memorial to his late wife Bartlett donated his extensive art collection to the Art Institute of Chicago. Bartlett then married Evelyn Fortune Lilly, ex-wife of Eli Lilly, and they continued to use the home as a winter residence until his death in 1953 and hers in 1997. The estate was valued at $35 million, the largest single private donation in state history.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The principal buildings include the main house, an art studio, a music studio and a guest house. It includes 100 ft of beach.</p><br>
<h3>Art studio</h3><br>
<p>The first building completed was the art studio.</p><br>
<h3>Main house</h3><br>
<p>The ceiling of the drawing room in the main house is of mahogany from a large log that washed ashore in a storm. A motif of pairs throughout the house reflects an interest of Frederic and Evelyn Bartlett.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>In 1987, 6,000 visitors took the 90-minute tour of the site.</p><br>
<p>Evelyn Bartlett had a pet monkey and bought 30 to 40 monkeys to live in the trees of the estate. In 2014 at least three of them still lived there.</p><br>
<p>Bartlett&#39;s sister Maie Bartlett Heard founded the Heard Museum in Phoenix with her husband Dwight B. Heard.</p><br>
<p>Since 2003, the Bonnet House has sought to increase revenue by serving as a filming location. It also was a filming location for the movie Hoot.</p><br>
<p>In May 2008, the National Trust for Historic Preservation listed the building on its list of America&#39;s Most Endangered Places. The same year, the Bonnet House settled a lawsuit against a developer planning an 18-storey hotel nearby. The settlement included almost half a million dollars for landscaping to obscure the view of the new building. The proposed hotel had been controversial, many people both in favor and opposed spoke at public hearings on the subject. Also in 2008 it was featured in the book, Great Houses of Florida.</p><br>
<p>In 2012, the Bonnet House joined the Riverwalk Arts and Entertainment District as a cultural partner. In 2017, Patrick Shavloske was named chief executive officer.</p><br>
<p>Stranahan House is the home of Fort Lauderdale pioneers Frank and Ivy Stranahan. Built in 1901 as a trading post and converted into a residence for the Stranahans in 1906, the house is the oldest surviving structure in Broward County. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 and today operates as a historic house museum. The House is open for guided tours at 1, 2, or 3 p.m. most Tuesdays through Fridays, and hosts special events throughout the year. Check their website for availability.</p><br>
<h2>The Stranahans</h2><br>
<h3>1893–1900</h3><br>
<p>In 1893, at the age of 27 Frank Stranahan was hired by his cousin to manage his camp and ferry at Tarpon Bend located on the New River. He would quickly establish his own trading business with the Seminole Indians and gain the reputation of being a fair business man. Arriving via dugout canoes, large groups of Seminole families would camp at the post for days at a time. Eventually, in 1894 Frank would acquire ten acres of land for his own commercial interests and would move the trading post farther west along the river. This property became the focal point of the tiny New River settlement, of which Stranahan was now its postmaster.</p><br>
<p>By 1899, the community had grown large enough to qualify for a teacher from the county board of education. Eighteen-year-old Ivy Julia Cromartie of Lemon city (what is now Little Haiti) was hired at $48 a month for the job. Community members built the one-room schoolhouse for Ivy and her nine students. Frank and Ivy would come to know one another during the five months Ivy lived and taught at the settlement. They would marry on August 16, 1900, at her family home, and as was customary for married women at the time, Ivy gave up her paid position. Though she gave up her paid position she did not, however, give up her teaching aspirations. She instead turned her attention to the Seminole children, offering informal lessons at the trading post that respected the Tribes traditions. Her approach quelled skeptical tribal elders fears and formed the basis for her lifelong friendship with the Seminole people.</p><br>
<h3>1901–1910</h3><br>
<p>Frank built the present day Stranahan House in 1901; the lower floor served as a trading post and the upper floor as a community hall. By 1906 Frank&#39;s business had expanded to include a general store and bank, he would also build a new building closer to the Railroad which had arrived in 1896. The old trading post was renovated as a result into a residence for the Stranahans.</p><br>
<p>As Franks businesses grew, so did the settlement. By 1910 the Census reports that there was 142 people living in the town. Frank and Ivy would take on many leadership roles in the social and civic life of their developing city, Ivy for instance would help found the Womens Civic improvement Association, later the Woman&#39;s club of Fort Lauderdale. Throughout the rest of her life Ivy would be involved with virtually every civic and social cause in the city.</p><br>
<h3>1911–1929</h3><br>
<p>Renamed Fort Lauderdale after the army forts that had been built during the Seminole Wars, the area was incorporated in 1911. Frank donated land for many public projects. With this new name Frank would end up selling the trading company in 1912 to focus on real estate and banking while Ivy would become president of the Florida Equal Suffrage Association in 1916. In 1924 due to her close relationship with the Seminoles, the federal government would seek out Ivy and ask for assistance in persuading the tribe to move to the reservation. She would be successful in her efforts.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, Floridas land boom had collapsed. Frank suffered extreme economic reverses that were worsened over the next three years by two devastating hurricanes. Adding to Franks distress was the knowledge that friends and associates who had invested with him were financially ruined as well. On May 22, 1929, deeply depressed and in ill health, Frank committed suicide drowning in the New River in front of his home.</p><br>
<h3>1929–1971</h3><br>
<p>Ivy carried on, making ends meet by renting out rooms of her home and eventually leasing the lower floor to a series of restaurants. She gradually returned to her civic activism. Among her many accomplishments she became a long-term member of the city&#39;s planning and zoning committee, successfully lobbied for the Homestead Exemption law, established the Friends of the Seminoles and founded Broward County chapters of the Red Cross and Campfire Girls.</p><br>
<p>Ivy remained in her home until her death on August 30, 1971, at the age of 90. The house was left to the Seventh Day Adventist church, of which Ivy had been a member since 1915. It was purchased by the Fort Lauderdale Historical Society in 1975.</p><br>
<h2>The House</h2><br>
<h3>1901–1928</h3><br>
<p>Frank built the two-story structure at its present site in 1901. The lower floor was used as the trading post, and the upper floor as a community hall. In 1906 Frank renovated the house and made it into their home. Bay windows were added, and gas lighting fixtures were likely installed at this time. The upper floor is believed to have remained an open space, accessible via the exterior stairs. In 1913 the house went through a second major renovation, the interior staircase was added and the house was wired for electricity. Water towers were installed in 1915 and it is believed that indoor plumbing was also installed at the same time.</p><br>
<h3>1929–present</h3><br>
<p>Following Frank&#39;s suicide in 1929, Ivy continued to live in the house, but rented out rooms to visitors and later leased the lower floor to a series of restaurants, the last of which is known as the Pioneer House Restaurant. In 1971 Ivy died, but she left the home to the Seventh Day Adventist Church who registered the home with the National Register of Historic Homes in 1973.</p><br>
<p>With the last restaurant closed, the Historical Society of Fort Lauderdale bought the house from the Seventh Day Adventists in 1979 and for the next four years a construction project began to restore the house to its 1915 appearance. In 1981 the House became its own corporation, with a separate board of trustees. The house opened to the public in the spring of 1984. The house offers daily tours via their website.</p><br>
<p>The Hammerstein House  is a historic house located at 1520 Polk Street in Hollywood, Florida, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house was completed in 1935 in the locally popular Mediterranean Revival style. It is a one and two-story building with gable and hip roofing. The exterior walls are smooth stucco and the roof is Spanish tile. The one-story portion contains the public spaces and the two-story section has bedrooms and private baths. A garage is located behind the house. Hollywood architect Bayard Lukens a Pennsylvania native designed the house for the Hammerstein couple. Lukens also worked on many of Hollywoods churches and hotels. Bayard Lukenss private residence which he designed for himself is also on the list of historical sites in Hollywood and is located on the 1500-block of Adams Street in Hollywood.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1980 the owner of the home Clarence Hammerstein donated the house to the Hollywood Historical Society in honor of his late wife Vera Hammerstein. It was his wish that the home be operated as a museum and he contributed many artifacts of his life which form much of the display there. Items on display include Hammersteins WWI Air Force uniform. The ashes of the homes owners Clarence and Vera Hammerstein reside at the house in two large urns. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 15, 2005. The home is operated as a historic house museum by the Hollywood Historical Society and contains artifacts of the Hammerstein&#39;s life. When Hammerstein died in 1987 at the age of 92 he donated 10% of his estate for the operation of the house as a museum.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph Wesley Young House is a historic home in Hollywood, Florida. It is located at 1055 Hollywood Boulevard. On August 10, 1989, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. He is listed as a Great Floridian.</p><br>
<p>The house is described as looking like a "Moorish castle with two-dozen rooms" and it may have a resident ghost. One of the "most venerable and storied mansions in Broward County", it was for sale in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>Joseph Wesley Young</h2><br>
<p>Young was a real estate developer in Long Beach, California and was married to Jessie Fay (Cooke) Young (1877–1955), a piano player and singer whom he married in 1902. Although she was five years older than him, her lovely voice and personality captured his fancy when he moved to Long Beach in 1902.</p><br>
<p>In 1914 a huge flood in Long Beach wiped out the property Young was developing.</p><br>
<p>He was Hollywood, Florida&#39;s first mayor in 1925 and helped rebuild the city after a hurricane devastated it in 1926. His marketing helped bring Robert Anderson to the area. His Great Floridian plaque is at the Joseph W. Young house at 1055 Hollywood Blvd.</p><br>
